Buchholz Relay - Construction, Working, Principle

Buchholz Relay:- When we discuss about protection of transformer we come across buchholz relay first.What Is A Buchholz Relay?.Buchholz Relay is the major safety device of  transformer.it is pipe like construction  between the top of the transformer main tank and the conservator,employed in gas and oil operated transformer(rated >500 kVA).it prevents transformer from internal faults such as...

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EMF Equation of Transformer

EMF Equation of Transformer : Here is simple method to find out EMF Equation of Transformer: Let            N1 = No. of turns in primary                     N2 = No. of turns in secondary                     Øm = Maximum flux in core in webers = Bm x A          ...

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Hydro-electric Power Station:Arrangement & Working

Definition: A power generating station which utilises the potential energy of water at a high level for the generation of electrical energy by converting potential energy to kinetic energy is known as a hydro-electric power station. Arrangement of Hydro-electric Power Station & Working: Hydro-electric Power Plant Consists of basic sections like: 1) Dam 2) Reservoir 3) Control Gate 4) Penstock 5) Turbines and...

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Thermal Power Generation Plant or Steam Power Station

Thermal Power Generation Plant or Steam Power Station : Thermal power generation plant or Steam Power Station is the most conventional source of electric power over the world.We can define thermal power station as "A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy through steam as intermediate energy form is known as a steam power station." Theory of Thermal Power...

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Open Circuit(OC) And Short Circuit(SC) Test On Transformer

Open circuit and short circuit tests on single phase transformer:- Why we need to conduct OC & SC test on transformers? -To obtain the equivalent circuit parameters from Open circuit and short circuit tests , and to estimate efficiency & regulation at various loads. -To understand the basic working principle of a transformer. This method also called as indirect loading method of transformers. Open...

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Types Of Transformers : Different Types of Transformers

Different Types of Transformers Transformers can be classified on different basis, like types of construction, types of cooling etc. (A) On the basis of construction, transformers can be classified into two types as;  (i) Core type transformer and (ii) Shell type transformer, which are described below. (I) Core Type Transformer In core type transformer, windings are cylindrical former wound, mounted on  the...

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Constructional features of Transformers

Constructional features of Transformers Transformers used in practice are of extremely large variety depending upon the end use. In addition to the transformers used in power systems, in power transmission and distribution, a large number of special transformers are in use in applications like electronic supplies,rectification, furnaces, traction etc. Here the focus is on power transformers only. The principle of operation of...

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Why Transformer Rating In kVA, Not in KW?

The transformer is usually rated in terms of its input and output voltages and apparent power that it is designed to safely deliver.  What are the meanings of these transformer ratings? The voltage ratio indicates that the transformer has two windings, the high-voltage winding is rated for 1100 Volts and the low-voltage winding for 110 volts. These voltages are proportional to their respective number of turns. Therefore, the...

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What Is Transformer,Principle Of Working

Definition of Transformer: Transformers are commonly used in applications which require the conversion of AC voltage from one voltage level to another (Step Up or Step Down),without changing frequency or constant frequency. or A transformer is a static electrical machine used for deliver power from one circuit to another without electrical coupling at constant frequency.  For example, a farmer has a large,...

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Synchronizing of Alternators:Paralelle Operation of Alternators

Paralelle Operation of Alternators:  Synchronizing:The operation of connecting two alternators in parallel is known as synchronizing.Certain conditions must be fulfilled before this can be effected. The incoming machine must have its voltage and frequency equal to that of the bus bars and, should be in same phase with bus bar voltage. The instruments or apparatus for determining when these conditions...

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Salient pole alternators and Blondel’s Two Reaction Theory

The details of synchronous generators developed so far is applicable to only round rotor or nonsalient pole alternators. In such machines the air gap is uniform through out and hence the effect of mmf will be same whether it acts along the pole axis or the inter polar axis. Hence reactance of the sator is same throughout and hence it is called synchronous reactance. But in case salient pole machines the air gap is...

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